In membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems, polyethylene fiber membranes play a crucial role in achieving high effluent quality. These filters provide a large surface area for microbial growth and optimally remove contaminants from wastewater. To maximize the performance of MBR systems, several strategies can be employed to tailor the behavior of hollow

Wastewater treatment/remediation/purification presents a significant global challenge, necessitating the development of efficient and sustainable technologies. Hollow fiber membranes/Microfiltration membranes/Fiber-based membrane systems, renowned for their high surface area-to-volume ratio and versatility, have emerged as promising solutions for w